Tuesday, November 15, 2022

Learn Chinese Through News: Economy and Warehouses: Intermediate to Advanced Level. Pinyin and English Translation


English:

Economy:

An economy is really an area of the production, distribution and trade, as well as consumption of goods and services. In general, it is defined as a social domain that emphasize the practices, discourses, and material expressions associated with the production, use, and management of scarce resources'. A so-called given economy is a set of processes that involves its culture, values, education, technological evolution, history, social organization, political structure, legal systems, and natural resources as main factors. These factors give context, content, and set the conditions and parameters in which an economy functions. In other words, the economic domain is a social domain of interrelated certain human practices and transactions that does not stand alone.

Economic agents can be individuals, businesses, organizations, or governments. Economic transactions occur when two groups or parties agree to the value or price of the transacted certain good or service, commonly expressed in a certain currency. However, so-called monetary transactions only account for a small part of the economic domain.

Vegetables:

Vegetables are parts of plants that are consumed by humans or other animals as food. The original meaning is still commonly used and is applied to plants collectively to refer to all edible plant matter, including the flowers, fruits, stems, leaves, roots, and seeds. An alternative definition of the term is applied somewhat arbitrarily, often by culinary and cultural tradition. It may really exclude foods derived from some plants that are fruits, flowers, nuts, and cereal grains, but include savoury fruits such as tomatoes and courgettes, flowers such as broccoli, and seeds such as pulses.

Originally, vegetables were really collected from the wild by hunter-gatherers and entered cultivation in several parts of the world, probably during the period 10,000 BC to 7,000 BC, when a new agricultural way of life developed. At first, plants which grew locally would have been cultivated, but as time went on, trade brought exotic crops from elsewhere to add to domestic types. Nowadays, most vegetables are grown all over the world as climate permits, and crops may be cultivated in protected environments in less suitable locations. China is the largest producer of vegetables, and global trade in agricultural products allows consumers to purchase vegetables grown in faraway countries. The scale of production varies from subsistence farmers supplying the needs of their family for food, to agribusinesses with vast acreages of single-product crops. Depending on the type of vegetable concerned, harvesting the crop is followed by grading, storing, processing, and marketing.

Vegetables can really be eaten either raw or cooked and play an important role in human nutrition, being mostly low in fat and carbohydrates, but high in vitamins, minerals and dietary fiber. Many nutritionists encourage people to consume plenty of fruit and vegetables, five or more portions a day often being recommended.

Chinese:

经济:

经济实际上是一个生产、分配和贸易以及商品和服务消费的领域。一般来说,它被定义为强调与稀缺资源的生产、使用和管理相关的实践、话语和物质表达的社会领域。所谓既定经济,是指以文化、价值观、教育、技术演进、历史、社会组织、政治结构、法律制度、自然资源等为主要因素的一系列过程。这些因素提供了背景、内容,并设定了经济运作的条件和参数。换句话说,经济领域是相互关联的某些人类行为和交易的社会领域,这些行为和交易并不孤立。

经济主体可以是个人、企业、组织或政府。经济交易发生在两个团体或各方同意所交易的某些商品或服务的价值或价格时,通常以某种货币表示。然而,所谓的货币交易只占经济领域的一小部分。

蔬菜:

蔬菜是人类或其他动物作为食物食用的植物的一部分。原义仍被普遍使用,并被统称为植物,指所有可食用的植物物质,包括花、果、茎、叶、根和种子。该术语的另一种定义在某种程度上是任意应用的,通常是根据烹饪和文化传统。它可能真的不包括一些水果、花卉、坚果和谷物等植物的食物,但包括西红柿和西葫芦等美味水果、西兰花等花卉和豆类等种子。

最初,蔬菜实际上是由狩猎采集者从野外采集而来,并在世界多个地区进行种植,时间可能在公元前 10,000 年至公元前 7,000 年,当时出现了一种新的农业生活方式。起初,当地种植的植物会被种植,但随着时间的推移,贸易从其他地方带来了外来作物,增加了国内品种。如今,大多数蔬菜都在气候允许的情况下在世界各地种植,而农作物可能会在不太适合的地方的受保护环境中种植。中国是最大的蔬菜生产国,农产品的全球贸易让消费者可以买到远方种植的蔬菜。生产规模各不相同,从满足家庭粮食需求的自给农民到拥有大片单一产品作物的农业综合企业。根据相关蔬菜的类型,收获作物后会进行分级、储存、加工和销售。

蔬菜确实可以生吃或煮熟食用,在人体营养中起着重要作用,其脂肪和碳水化合物含量大多较低,但维生素、矿物质和膳食纤维含量较高。许多营养学家鼓励人们多吃水果和蔬菜,通常建议每天食用五份或更多份。

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